Gangrenous Pneumonia In Cattle

Pneumonia

(2)Acute lobar or Coupons pneumonia: A very common form in horses, occasionally noted inn cattle, seldom in pigs or other animals. This involves considerable areas of the lungs and theexudate is fibrin us and may contain blood. Trisection on chest form of pneumonia is very liable to be followed. Septic pneumonia is that form associated with grene or with symptoms of Toxemia.

(3) Interstitial pan ammonia: is that in which fibrous tissue forms around the lung tissue.

Etiology

(1)Pathogenic bacteria: It appears com-manly in a great variety of contagious diseases, e.g. contagious pneumonia of horse, strangles, glanders, contagious Bovine pleuro-pneumonia, Hemorrhagic septicemia, Infectious pneumonia of calves and lambs, calf diphtheria, Swine fever and Swine plague and Distemper in dogs and cats. Whether the disease is contagious or not, pneumonia in the large proportion of cases al-most invariably due to bacterial invasion, some of which may be commonly saprophytic on respiratory mucosa. The resistance of the tissue being broken down by predisposing causes- e.g. chills, debility, pulmonary congestion or by an extension from Bronchitis. (5) The disease may be metastatic or embolic and follow upon various fistula, sinuses, ulcers, abscesses, merits or Endocarditic.

Symptoms (Acute in horse) - Those for Infections pneumonia. In early stages, rise of tempera-true, loss of appetite and dullness. The animal is not inclined to move. Later, the symptoms off ever are pronounced. The animal may show muscular weakness and staggering gait. Respirations are accelerated and exaggerated. Nostrils dilated, elbows abducted. The horse usually stands persistently and even if he lies down, he lies on the affected side. There is a short soft cough which only appears at times. Usually, a nasal discharges seen which is scanty and rusty colored and forms a crust inside the nostrils. In the later stages, the discharge becomes grayish and more abundant. The pulse is frequent and full and it Isa good guide as to the progress. The mucous membranes are congested and may be slightly yellow.

Physical signs: On percussion of the chest, dull sounds can be heard over the consolidatedaeeas. On auscultation; there is an absence of vesicular murmur in the affected area while fine crepitating sounds appear at the borders. The heart sounds are more distinct over the console-dated areas. Course: In acute cases, the disease is at its height in 5 or 6 days in horse and in favourablecases declines in about 7 or 8 days. Then the temperature falls gradually. Animal appears bet-tar, brighter and feels better. The nasal discharge becomes more profuse and respiration declines insurgency and frequency. On auscultation, second-aryl crepitating sounds could be heard in the pre-piously consolidated areas. Complete recovery will effect in one or two weeks. Relapses are not uncommon, especially if the animal is put to worker exercise too soon.

Special pathology and therapeutics of the diseases of domestic animals

Diseases of cattle, sheep, goats and swine

Principles of veterinary pathology

Rebhun's diseases of dairy cattle

Principles of veterinary pathology